COPD

Definition

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow. It primarily includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, often caused by smoking or exposure to harmful pollutants.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Malnutrition is common in COPD patients due to increased energy expenditure from labored breathing.
2. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to prevent muscle wasting in COPD patients.
3. Antioxidant-rich foods can help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs.
4. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among COPD patients and can exacerbate respiratory issues.
5. Fluid balance must be carefully managed to avoid exacerbating pulmonary edema in COPD patients.

Review Questions

• Why are high-calorie, high-protein diets essential for patients with COPD?
• How does oxidative stress impact the pulmonary system in COPD patients?
• What role does vitamin D play in managing COPD symptoms?

Related terms

Emphysema:

A condition where the air sacs of the lungs are damaged, leading to shortness of breath.

Chronic Bronchitis: Long-term inflammation of the bronchi, resulting in mucus buildup and coughing.

Pulmonary Edema: Accumulation of fluid in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe.