Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Definition

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by difficulty breathing, chronic cough, and mucus production. It includes conditions like emphysema and chronic bronchitis, often caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most commonly from cigarette smoke.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nutritional status in COPD patients is crucial as malnutrition can worsen respiratory muscle function.
2. A high-calorie diet with adequate protein is often recommended to maintain muscle mass in COPD patients.
3. COPD patients may have increased energy expenditure due to the effort of breathing.
4. Antioxidant-rich foods may help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs.
5. Hydration is important for COPD patients as it helps thin mucus secretions, making them easier to expel.

Review Questions

• Why is a high-calorie diet important for patients with COPD?
• How does malnutrition affect respiratory muscle function in COPD?
• What role do antioxidants play in managing COPD symptoms?

Related terms

Emphysema:

A form of COPD where the alveoli are damaged, leading to difficulty breathing.

Chronic Bronchitis: A type of COPD characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchi, resulting in persistent cough and mucus production.

Pulmonary Rehabilitation:

A program that includes exercise training, nutritional advice, and education designed to improve the quality of life for people with chronic lung diseases.