Chloride

Definition

Chloride is an essential electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, acid-base balance, and proper nerve function in the body. It is mainly obtained through dietary salt (sodium chloride) and plays a crucial role in digestive processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chloride is a key component of stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), which aids in digestion.
2. Normal blood chloride levels range from 96 to 106 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
3. Hypochloremia (low chloride levels) can result from conditions like dehydration, excessive vomiting, or diuretic use.
4. Hyperchloremia (high chloride levels) may be associated with renal dysfunction or excessive intake of saline solutions.
5. Chloride works closely with sodium and potassium to regulate fluid balance and osmotic pressure within cells.

Review Questions

• What role does chloride play in maintaining acid-base balance?
• How do hypochloremia and hyperchloremia affect the body?
• What is the normal range for blood chloride levels?

Related terms

Sodium:

An essential electrolyte that works with chloride to regulate fluid balance and nerve function.

Potassium:

Another vital electrolyte involved in muscle function, nerve signals, and maintaining cell integrity.

Electrolytes:

Minerals in your blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge important for many bodily functions.