Cellulose

Definition

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate and a major component of plant cell walls. It is indigestible by humans but plays a crucial role in digestive health as dietary fiber.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cellulose provides bulk to the stool, aiding in bowel movements and preventing constipation.
2. It cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes, unlike other carbohydrates like starches and sugars.
3. Fermentation of cellulose by gut bacteria produces short-chain fatty acids beneficial for colon health.
4. Foods high in cellulose include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
5. Adequate intake of cellulose-rich foods is associated with reduced risks of chronic diseases such as colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease.

Review Questions

• What role does cellulose play in human digestion?
• Why can't humans digest cellulose?
• Which types of foods are typically high in cellulose?

Related terms

Fiber:

A type of carbohydrate that includes cellulose, which aids in digestive health.

Starch:

A digestible polysaccharide found in foods like potatoes and grains.

Lignin: A complex organic polymer found in the cell walls of plants, often associated with cellulose and other fibers.