Carcinogens

Definition

Carcinogens are substances or exposures that can lead to cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells. They can be chemical, physical, or biological agents.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Carcinogens can be found in certain foods, such as processed meats and charred vegetables.
2. The liver plays a crucial role in metabolizing carcinogens ingested through food.
3. Certain cooking methods, like grilling and frying at high temperatures, can produce carcinogenic compounds.
4. Antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables can help counteract the effects of carcinogens.
5. Nurses play a key role in educating patients about dietary choices that minimize exposure to carcinogens.

Review Questions

• What are some common sources of dietary carcinogens?
• How does the liver contribute to the detoxification of carcinogens?
• Which cooking methods should be avoided to reduce the formation of carcinogenic compounds?

Related terms

Antioxidants:

Compounds that inhibit oxidation and can neutralize free radicals, reducing damage from carcinogens.

Metabolism:

The chemical processes within organisms that maintain life, including how substances are broken down.

DNA Damage: Alterations to the DNA structure which can lead to mutations and cancer if not properly repaired.