Brain development

Definition

Brain development is the complex process of growth and maturation of the brain, involving the formation of neural connections and structures. Proper nutrition is crucial for supporting optimal brain function and endocrine health throughout life.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for brain development, particularly in forming cell membranes and synaptic plasticity.
2. Micronutrients such as iron, iodine, zinc, and vitamins A, B6, B12, C, and D play critical roles in neurodevelopmental processes.
3. Malnutrition during early childhood can lead to long-term cognitive deficits and impairments in endocrine function.
4. Excessive sugar intake has been linked to impaired cognitive function and altered hormone regulation in the brain.
5. Protein-energy malnutrition can adversely affect neurotransmitter systems crucial for mood regulation and cognitive functions.

Review Questions

• What role do omega-3 fatty acids play in brain development?
• How can malnutrition during early childhood affect brain development?
• Name three micronutrients that are essential for neurodevelopmental processes.

Related terms

Neuroplasticity:

The ability of the brain to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

Synaptic Plasticity: The ability of synapses (the junctions between neurons) to strengthen or weaken over time in response to activity levels.

Endocrine System:

A collection of glands that produce hormones regulating metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood.