Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Definition

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a hormone produced in the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol. It plays a crucial role in stress response, metabolism, and immune function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. ACTH secretion is regulated by the hypothalamus through corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
2. Elevated levels of ACTH can indicate conditions such as Addison's disease or ectopic ACTH syndrome.
3. ACTH levels are typically measured in blood tests to diagnose endocrine disorders.
4. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly of certain vitamins and minerals, can affect ACTH production and function.
5. Chronic stress can lead to prolonged high levels of ACTH, impacting overall endocrine health.

Review Questions

• What gland produces Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
• How does chronic stress influence ACTH levels?
• Which endocrine disorders are associated with elevated levels of ACTH?

Related terms

Cortisol:

A steroid hormone released by the adrenal glands in response to ACTH that regulates metabolism and immune response.

Hypothalamus:

A region of the brain that controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, including CRH which regulates ACTH.

Addison's Disease: A disorder characterized by insufficient production of hormones like cortisol and aldosterone due to damage to the adrenal cortex.