Xuanzang

Definition

Xuanzang was a Chinese Buddhist monk and scholar who lived during the Tang dynasty, famous for his pilgrimage to India in the 7th century to collect Buddhist scriptures. His journey not only contributed significantly to the spread of Buddhism in China but also inspired literary works, particularly the classic tale of 'Journey to the West,' which features characters inspired by his adventures.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Xuanzang traveled over 10,000 miles during his pilgrimage to India, which took him around 17 years to complete.
2. He is credited with translating numerous Buddhist texts into Chinese, significantly shaping Chinese Buddhism and its practices.
3. Xuanzang's journey was motivated by a desire to find authentic Buddhist scriptures that had not been distorted in translation.
4. His travels and experiences were documented in a work titled 'Great Tang Records on the Western Regions,' which provided valuable insights into the cultures he encountered.
5. Xuanzang's life and journey became the inspiration for Sun Wukong's character and adventures in 'Journey to the West,' blending history with mythology.

Review Questions

• How did Xuanzang's journey impact the spread of Buddhism in China?
  • Xuanzang's pilgrimage to India allowed him to gather authentic Buddhist texts that were crucial for the development of Buddhism in China. By translating these scriptures into Chinese, he made them accessible to a wider audience, thus promoting Buddhist teachings and practices throughout the region. His efforts helped solidify Buddhism's presence in Chinese culture and influenced future generations of monks and scholars.
• Evaluate the significance of Xuanzang's experiences as depicted in 'Journey to the West' in relation to his historical contributions.
  • In 'Journey to the West,' Xuanzang’s character embodies his historical quest for knowledge and spiritual growth. The fictionalized account amplifies his significance by transforming his pilgrimage into an epic adventure filled with trials and companions like Sun Wukong. This narrative not only honors Xuanzang's real-life dedication but also serves as a vehicle for exploring themes of perseverance, enlightenment, and the clash between chaos and order.
• Analyze how Xuanzang's journey reflects broader cultural exchanges along the Silk Road during the Tang Dynasty.
  • Xuanzang's journey exemplifies the rich cultural exchanges facilitated by the Silk Road during the Tang Dynasty. As he traveled through various regions, he encountered diverse cultures, philosophies, and religious practices that influenced both his understanding of Buddhism and his translations. This interaction highlights how trade routes like the Silk Road were instrumental in shaping not just religious beliefs but also fostering mutual understanding and cooperation among different civilizations during this period.

Related terms

Buddhism: A major world religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama, focusing on spiritual development and the attainment of enlightenment.

Silk Road: An ancient network of trade routes connecting China to the Mediterranean, which facilitated cultural, commercial, and technological exchange.

Tang Dynasty:

A golden age of Chinese civilization that lasted from 618 to 907 AD, marked by cultural flourishing, territorial expansion, and advancements in various fields.