Retroactive interference

Definition

Retroactive interference is a phenomenon in memory where newly acquired information disrupts the retrieval of previously learned information. This can occur in motor learning when new skills or movements interfere with the recall or execution of older skills, making it harder for a learner to perform tasks they have already practiced.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Retroactive interference is particularly important in motor learning as it can affect the acquisition of new skills that are similar to previously learned ones.
2. The phenomenon can be mitigated by spacing practice sessions or using varied practice techniques, which help strengthen memory for older skills.
3. Research shows that retroactive interference can lead to performance decrements, especially when learners practice skills that have overlapping movements or cognitive demands.
4. This type of interference highlights the importance of understanding how memory functions in learning environments, especially in sports and physical education.
5. To minimize retroactive interference, strategies such as focused practice on one skill at a time or incorporating rest periods between practice sessions can be effective.

Review Questions

• How does retroactive interference specifically impact the learning of new motor skills?
  • Retroactive interference affects motor skill learning by making it harder for learners to recall and perform previously acquired skills when they focus on new skills that are similar. For instance, if a person learns a new throwing technique that resembles an old one, the new technique may cause confusion and hinder their ability to execute the old technique properly. This suggests that when introducing new skills, instructors should consider the similarity to existing skills and provide strategies to mitigate this interference.
• What strategies can be used to reduce retroactive interference during motor skill training?
  • To reduce retroactive interference during motor skill training, practitioners can use several strategies such as spaced practice, where learners alternate between different skills rather than focusing on one continuously. This approach helps reinforce older skills while integrating new ones. Additionally, varying practice conditions and creating distinct contexts for each skill can help enhance memory retention and reduce confusion between similar tasks, ultimately leading to better performance outcomes.
• Evaluate how an understanding of retroactive interference could inform coaching practices in sports training.
  • Understanding retroactive interference is crucial for coaches because it allows them to structure training sessions in a way that optimizes skill acquisition and retention. Coaches could implement strategies like segmented learning, where athletes practice different skills in isolation before integrating them into game scenarios. This knowledge enables coaches to design effective drills and schedules that minimize memory confusion and maximize performance, thus enhancing overall athlete development and success in competitive settings.

Related terms

Proactive Interference: Proactive interference happens when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer information, making it difficult to learn new skills or concepts.

Memory Consolidation: Memory consolidation is the process through which newly learned information becomes stable and integrated into long-term memory, allowing for better retention and recall.

Skill Retention: Skill retention refers to the ability to maintain and perform motor skills over time, which can be affected by various factors including interference from new learning.