Structural isomers

Definition

Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. These differences can lead to distinct physical and chemical properties.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Structural isomers include chain isomers, position isomers, and functional group isomers.
2. They can have different boiling points, melting points, and densities due to their differing structures.
3. In microbiology, structural isomers can affect the functionality of biomolecules such as carbohydrates and lipids.
4. Enzymes in microbes may specifically interact with one isomer over another, influencing metabolic pathways.
5. Understanding structural isomerism helps in identifying and synthesizing various antimicrobial agents.

Review Questions

• What main types of structural isomers exist?
• How can structural isomers impact the properties of organic molecules?
• Why are structural isomers important in microbial biochemistry?

Related terms

Stereoisomers:

Compounds with the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms.

Functional Group Isomerism: A type of structural isomerism where compounds have the same molecular formula but different functional groups.

Chirality:

A property of a molecule that has a non-superimposable mirror image, often leading to different biological activities.