Septic shock

Definition

Septic shock is a severe and potentially fatal condition that occurs when an overwhelming infection leads to dangerously low blood pressure. It is often caused by bacterial infections entering the bloodstream, leading to systemic inflammation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Septic shock is characterized by persistent hypotension despite fluid resuscitation, requiring vasopressor support.
2. Common pathogens causing septic shock include Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus.
3. The inflammatory response in septic shock can lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
4. Early recognition and treatment with antibiotics and fluids are critical for improving survival rates in septic shock patients.
5. Lactate levels are often elevated in septic shock and can be used as a marker of tissue hypoperfusion.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms and diagnostic criteria for septic shock?
• Which types of bacteria are most commonly associated with causing septic shock?
• Why is early intervention crucial in the management of septic shock?

Related terms

Bacteremia:

Presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, which can potentially lead to sepsis.

Hypotension:

Abnormally low blood pressure, a key feature of septic shock.

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS): A severe condition where multiple organ systems fail as a result of infection or injury.