Rheumatoid arthritis

Definition

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the joints, leading to pain and deformity. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the synovial joints, causing synovitis.
2. The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role.
3. Common symptoms include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of function.
4. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to systemic inflammation.
5. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, blood tests for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-CCP antibodies, and imaging studies like X-rays or MRIs.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?
• Which joints are most commonly affected by rheumatoid arthritis?
• What are some diagnostic methods used to identify rheumatoid arthritis?

Related terms

Autoimmune Disorder: A condition in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.

Synovitis: Inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines joints.

Rheumatoid Factor (RF): An autoantibody found in the blood that is often elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.