Pathogenicity

Definition

Pathogenicity is the ability of a microorganism to cause disease in a host organism. It encompasses factors such as invasion, multiplication, and damage to host tissues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pathogenicity is determined by both the pathogen's virulence factors and the host's immune response.
2. Virulence factors include toxins, surface proteins, and enzymes that facilitate infection.
3. A pathogen must adhere to host cells to establish an infection.
4. Invasion involves the penetration of tissues and evasion of host defenses.
5. The severity of disease is influenced by the pathogen's ability to avoid or subvert the host immune system.

Review Questions

• What are virulence factors and how do they contribute to pathogenicity?
• How does a pathogen adhere to host cells?
• Why is invasion an important aspect of pathogenicity?

Related terms

Virulence:

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species.

Infection: The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, causing clinical symptoms.

Toxin: A poisonous substance produced by certain microorganisms that can damage the host.