Nitric oxide

Definition

Nitric oxide (NO) is a reactive nitrogen species that plays a role in microbial control. It can act as an antimicrobial agent by disrupting cellular processes in microorganisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nitric oxide has antimicrobial properties and can inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
2. It functions by damaging DNA, proteins, and membranes within microbial cells.
3. Nitric oxide is produced by immune cells as part of the body's natural defense system against pathogens.
4. In industrial settings, nitric oxide can be used for sterilization purposes.
5. Excessive exposure to nitric oxide can be toxic to human tissues as well.

Review Questions

• How does nitric oxide exhibit its antimicrobial properties?
• What are some cellular components that nitric oxide affects in microorganisms?
• Why is nitric oxide considered both beneficial and potentially harmful?

Related terms

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Molecules formed by the incomplete reduction of oxygen, known for their antimicrobial activity.

Antimicrobial Agents:

Substances that kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Sterilization:

The process of eliminating all forms of life, including microbial spores, from an object or environment.