Neutrophils

Definition

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the innate immune response. They are the first responders to microbial infection and are highly active in phagocytosis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Neutrophils make up 50-70% of all white blood cells.
2. They can rapidly migrate to sites of infection through a process called chemotaxis.
3. Neutrophils contain granules filled with enzymes that digest pathogens.
4. They have a short lifespan, typically surviving only a few hours to a couple of days in circulation.
5. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can trap and kill pathogens outside of the cell.

Review Questions

• What percentage of white blood cells do neutrophils constitute?
• How do neutrophils reach sites of infection?
• What is the primary function of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)?

Related terms

Phagocytosis:

The process by which cells, like neutrophils, engulf and digest pathogens.

Chemotaxis:

The movement of an organism or cell toward or away from a chemical stimulus.

Granulocytes: A category of white blood cells characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.