Leukotrienes

Definition

Leukotrienes are lipid-based chemical mediators derived from arachidonic acid, involved in the inflammatory response. They play a significant role in immune responses, particularly in allergic reactions and asthma.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Leukotrienes are produced by leukocytes and are involved in the pathophysiology of asthma.
2. They increase vascular permeability, leading to edema during inflammation.
3. Leukotrienes cause contraction of bronchial smooth muscles, contributing to bronchoconstriction.
4. LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 are types of cysteinyl leukotrienes that promote inflammation and hypersensitivity.
5. Inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis or action, such as montelukast, are used in the treatment of asthma.

Review Questions

• What role do leukotrienes play in the inflammatory response?
• How do leukotrienes contribute to the symptoms of asthma?
• Name three types of cysteinyl leukotrienes and their function.

Related terms

Arachidonic Acid: A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is a precursor to various eicosanoids including leukotrienes.

Histamine:

A compound released by mast cells that contributes to inflammation and allergic reactions.

Montelukast: A medication that blocks leukotriene receptors, used primarily for treating allergies and asthma.