Isomers

Definition

Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures. They can have different properties and biological functions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Molecules with identical formulas but different arrangements are called isomers.
2. Structural isomers differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.
3. Geometric isomers (cis-trans isomers) vary in arrangement around a double bond or ring structure.
4. Enantiomers are mirror-image isomers important in biological systems due to their different interactions with enzymes and other proteins.
5. Isomerization can impact metabolic pathways and biochemical processes in microorganisms.

Review Questions

• What are the key differences between structural and geometric isomers?
• Why are enantiomers significant in biochemical reactions?
• How can isomerization affect microbial metabolism?

Related terms

Structural Isomer: Isomers that differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.

Geometric Isomer: Isomers that differ in spatial arrangement around a double bond or ring structure.

Enantiomer: Mirror-image isomers that cannot be superimposed on each other.