Immunodeficiency

Definition

Immunodeficiency is a condition where the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. It can be congenital (primary) or acquired (secondary).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Primary immunodeficiencies are often genetic and present at birth.
2. Secondary immunodeficiencies are acquired due to factors such as infections like HIV, malnutrition, or medical treatments like chemotherapy.
3. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequently diagnosed primary immunodeficiency in adults.
4. Immunodeficiency can lead to recurrent, severe, or unusual infections.
5. Diagnosis often involves blood tests to measure levels of immune cells and antibodies.

Review Questions

• What are the differences between primary and secondary immunodeficiencies?
• How does common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) typically present in patients?
• What diagnostic methods are commonly used to identify immunodeficiencies?

Related terms

Autoimmunity: A condition where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.

HIV/AIDS:

An acquired immune deficiency syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.

Antibodies:

Proteins produced by B-cells that identify and neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses.