Microbiology

study guides for every class

that actually explain what's on your next test

Guanine

from class:

Microbiology

Definition

Guanine is one of the four main nucleobases found in DNA and RNA, represented by the letter G. It pairs with cytosine (C) through three hydrogen bonds in the DNA double helix.

congrats on reading the definition of guanine. now let's actually learn it.

ok, let's learn stuff

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Guanine is a purine base, characterized by its double-ring structure composed of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
  2. In DNA, guanine always pairs with cytosine via three hydrogen bonds, contributing to the stability of the DNA molecule.
  3. Guanine can be methylated to form 7-methylguanine, which is involved in regulatory functions like gene expression.
  4. Oxidative damage to guanine can result in mutations; for example, 8-oxoguanine is a common oxidation product that can cause GC to TA transversions in DNA.
  5. Guanine's role extends to RNA as well, where it participates in various structural and catalytic functions.

Review Questions

  • What type of bond does guanine form with cytosine in the DNA double helix?
  • How does oxidative damage to guanine affect genetic stability?
  • What distinguishes guanine structurally from other nucleobases?
© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.
Glossary
Guides