Genotype

Definition

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, encompassing all of its genes. It determines specific characteristics and potential traits that can be expressed.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Genotypes are inherited from both parents and consist of alleles located on chromosomes.
2. The expression of a genotype results in the phenotype, which is the observable characteristics of an organism.
3. Mutations in the genotype can lead to variations in the phenotype and can be caused by environmental factors or errors in DNA replication.
4. Genotype analysis is crucial for understanding hereditary diseases and developing medical treatments.
5. In microbial genetics, genotyping helps identify microbial strains and understand their resistance to antibiotics.

Review Questions

• What is the relationship between a genotype and a phenotype?
• How can mutations affect an organism's genotype?
• Why is genotyping important in studying microbial resistance?

Related terms

Allele:

One of two or more versions of a gene that are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Phenotype:

The set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Mutation:

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to alterations in protein function or expression.