Disinfectants

Definition

Disinfectants are chemical agents used to eliminate or reduce pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate surfaces. They are essential for controlling microbial growth and preventing infection.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Disinfectants are not effective against all types of microorganisms, such as bacterial spores.
2. The effectiveness of a disinfectant is influenced by factors like concentration, contact time, and presence of organic matter.
3. Common types of disinfectants include alcohols, chlorine compounds, and quaternary ammonium compounds.
4. Disinfectants can be tested for efficacy using methods like the use-dilution test and disk-diffusion method.
5. Improper use or dilution of disinfectants can lead to the development of resistant microbial strains.

Review Questions

• What factors influence the effectiveness of a disinfectant?
• Name three common types of disinfectants used in microbial control.
• How can the efficacy of a disinfectant be tested?

Related terms

Antiseptics:

Chemical agents applied to living tissues to reduce infection risk by killing or inhibiting pathogen growth.

Sterilization:

A process that eliminates all forms of microbial life, including spores.

Bactericidal:

An agent that kills bacteria as opposed to merely inhibiting their growth.