Chitin

Definition

Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, a derivative of glucose, which forms the structural component in the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi. It provides rigidity and structural integrity to these organisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chitin is found in the cell walls of fungi, giving them strength and rigidity.
2. It is similar in structure to cellulose but has nitrogen-containing side chains.
3. Chitin can be degraded by chitinase enzymes produced by certain bacteria and fungi.
4. In microbial biochemistry, chitin's presence can affect an organism's susceptibility to certain antimicrobial drugs.
5. The synthesis pathway of chitin in fungi can be a target for antifungal agents.

Review Questions

• What role does chitin play in fungal cell walls?
• How does the structure of chitin differ from that of cellulose?
• Why is chitin significant when studying antimicrobial drugs?

Related terms

Cellulose:

A polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant cell walls.

Fungi:

A kingdom of eukaryotic organisms characterized by the presence of chitin in their cell walls.

Antifungal Agents:

Drugs used to treat fungal infections by targeting specific components such as chitin synthesis pathways.