Chemokines

Definition

Chemokines are a subset of cytokines that specifically direct the movement of immune cells to sites of infection or inflammation. They play a crucial role in immune responses by guiding leukocyte migration.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chemokines are small proteins that act as signaling molecules to attract immune cells.
2. They bind to chemokine receptors on the surface of target cells, initiating cell movement.
3. Two main types of chemokines are CC chemokines and CXC chemokines, classified based on their structural motifs.
4. They play a vital role in both innate and adaptive immunity by orchestrating the recruitment of different types of leukocytes.
5. Chemokines can be produced by various cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of chemokines in the immune response?
• How do chemokines guide the movement of immune cells?
• What are the two main structural groups of chemokines?

Related terms

Cytokine: A broad category of small proteins important in cell signaling, which includes chemokines.

Leukocyte:

A white blood cell involved in protecting the body against infectious disease and foreign invaders.

Macrophage: A type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, and cancer cells.