Chagas disease

Definition

Chagas disease is a tropical parasitic illness caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, primarily spread by triatomine bugs. It can lead to serious cardiac and digestive complications if untreated.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chagas disease is transmitted mainly through the feces of infected triatomine bugs, also known as 'kissing bugs.'
2. The acute phase of Chagas disease often presents with mild symptoms such as fever and swelling at the infection site.
3. In its chronic phase, Chagas disease can cause severe heart and gastrointestinal issues, including cardiomyopathy and megacolon.
4. Diagnosis of Chagas disease typically involves blood tests to detect Trypanosoma cruzi or its antibodies.
5. There are two main drugs used to treat Chagas disease: benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are more effective in the early stages.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mode of transmission for Chagas disease?
• What are some potential complications during the chronic phase of Chagas disease?
• Which protozoan causes Chagas disease?

Related terms

Trypanosoma cruzi:

A protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease.

Triatomine bugs: Insect vectors responsible for transmitting Trypanosoma cruzi.

Cardiomyopathy: A condition often associated with chronic Chagas disease affecting the heart muscle.