Centrioles

Definition

Centrioles are cylindrical cell structures composed mainly of tubulin that play a key role in cell division by facilitating chromosome separation. They are found in most eukaryotic cells and are important for the formation of cilia and flagella.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Centrioles are typically found in pairs, known as centrosomes, near the nucleus of animal cells.
2. During cell division, centrioles help organize the mitotic spindle fibers that separate chromosomes.
3. Centrioles replicate once per cell cycle, ensuring each daughter cell inherits one pair.
4. They consist of nine sets of microtubule triplets arranged in a cylindrical shape.
5. Centrioles are involved in the formation of cilia and flagella, which aid in cell movement and fluid transport.

Review Questions

• What role do centrioles play during cell division?
• How many sets of microtubule triplets compose a centriole?
• Where are centrioles typically located within an animal cell?

Related terms

Microtubules:

Cytoskeletal components that form the structure of centrioles and assist with intracellular transport.

Mitotic Spindle: A structure made up of microtubules that segregates chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.

Cilia:

Hair-like structures that extend from the surface of some eukaryotic cells and are involved in movement or sensing environmental signals.