Celiac disease

Definition

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine. It triggers an immune response that attacks the lining of the small intestine, causing malabsorption of nutrients.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Celiac disease is associated with specific genetic markers: HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8.
2. The autoimmune response in celiac disease involves both innate and adaptive immunity.
3. Gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, is the environmental trigger for celiac disease.
4. The primary diagnostic test for celiac disease is serology testing for anti-tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibodies.
5. Long-term complications of untreated celiac disease include increased risk of intestinal lymphoma and other gastrointestinal cancers.

Review Questions

• Which genetic markers are commonly associated with celiac disease?
• What type of immune response is involved in celiac disease?
• What are the main dietary sources that trigger celiac disease?

Related terms

Gluten: A group of proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye that can trigger celiac disease.

Autoimmune Disorder: A condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

Serology Testing: A diagnostic examination of blood serum to detect antibodies indicative of certain diseases.