Carboxyl group

Definition

A carboxyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbonyl (C=O) and a hydroxyl (OH) group attached to the same carbon atom. It is often represented as -COOH and is found in amino acids and fatty acids.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Carboxyl groups are acidic, releasing H+ ions in solution to form carboxylate ions (COO-).
2. They play a crucial role in the formation of peptide bonds during protein synthesis.
3. The presence of a carboxyl group affects the overall structure and function of proteins.
4. Carboxyl groups are involved in various metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle.
5. They can participate in hydrogen bonding, influencing the stability and folding of proteins.

Review Questions

• What functional groups make up a carboxyl group?
• How does the presence of a carboxyl group affect protein structure?
• In what biochemical processes do carboxyl groups play an essential role?

Related terms

Amino Group: A functional group consisting of a nitrogen atom attached to one or more hydrogen atoms (-NH2), found in amino acids.

Peptide Bond:

A covalent bond formed between two amino acids during protein synthesis.

Fatty Acid: A long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxyl group, which is involved in lipid metabolism.