Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It inhibits neurotransmitter release, leading to muscle paralysis.
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Botulinum toxin is one of the most potent toxins known and can cause botulism, a life-threatening illness.
It acts by blocking acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions, preventing nerve signal transmission.
There are seven types of botulinum toxin (A-G), with types A and B being the most commonly associated with human disease.
Botulinum toxin can be found in improperly canned or preserved foods where the bacteria produce the toxin anaerobically.
In small, controlled doses, botulinum toxin is used medically to treat various muscle disorders and cosmetically to reduce wrinkles.