Asthma

Definition

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by episodes of airflow obstruction and bronchospasm. It is often triggered by allergens, exercise, or stress.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Asthma is classified as a type I hypersensitivity reaction involving IgE antibodies.
2. Common symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.
3. Mast cells play a crucial role in asthma by releasing histamines and other inflammatory mediators.
4. Environmental factors such as pollen, dust mites, and pet dander can trigger asthma attacks.
5. Corticosteroids and bronchodilators are commonly used treatments to manage asthma symptoms.

Review Questions

• What type of hypersensitivity reaction is asthma classified under?
• Which cells release inflammatory mediators like histamines in an asthma attack?
• Name two environmental triggers that can cause an asthma episode.

Related terms

IgE Antibodies: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are involved in allergic reactions and play a key role in type I hypersensitivities.

Mast Cells:

Cells that release histamine and other chemicals during allergic reactions.

Bronchodilators: Medications that relax muscle bands that tighten around airways, easing breathing in conditions like asthma.