Theory of Planned Behavior

Definition

The Theory of Planned Behavior is a psychological model that predicts how individuals' beliefs and attitudes influence their intentions and behaviors. It suggests that a person's intention to perform a behavior is the primary determinant of whether they will actually engage in that behavior, and this intention is influenced by their attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. This model emphasizes the role of beliefs and attitudes in shaping behaviors, particularly in the context of decision-making processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Theory of Planned Behavior was developed by Icek Ajzen in 1985 as an extension of the earlier Theory of Reasoned Action.
2. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are the three key components that influence intentions in this theory.
3. This theory is widely used in fields such as health psychology, marketing, and environmental studies to understand consumer behavior.
4. Intentions are seen as immediate precursors to actual behavior, meaning that stronger intentions often lead to a higher likelihood of performing the desired action.
5. The model highlights that external factors, such as situational constraints, can also impact the relationship between intentions and actual behaviors.

Review Questions

• How does the Theory of Planned Behavior explain the connection between attitudes and behaviors?
  • The Theory of Planned Behavior illustrates that an individual's attitude toward a specific behavior significantly impacts their intention to perform that behavior. If a person has a positive attitude toward an action, they are more likely to form strong intentions to carry it out. Consequently, these intentions serve as predictors for whether they will actually engage in the behavior. This connection emphasizes that understanding attitudes is crucial for anticipating how individuals might behave in various situations.
• In what ways do subjective norms influence an individual's decision-making process according to the Theory of Planned Behavior?
  • Subjective norms play a critical role in shaping an individual's intention to engage in a specific behavior by reflecting the perceived social pressure from family, friends, or society. If a person believes that important people in their life support a particular behavior, they are more likely to intend to perform it. This influence can either encourage or discourage specific actions, showing how social expectations can significantly affect personal decisions within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior.
• Evaluate how perceived behavioral control can alter the effectiveness of intentions within the Theory of Planned Behavior framework.
  • Perceived behavioral control can greatly impact how intentions translate into actual behaviors within the Theory of Planned Behavior. If individuals believe they have the necessary resources and skills to perform a behavior, their intention is more likely to result in action. Conversely, if they feel constrained by external factors or doubt their abilities, even strong intentions may not lead to performance. This aspect highlights that personal agency is essential for bridging the gap between intention and action, making perceived behavioral control a pivotal factor in understanding consumer behavior.

Related terms

Attitude:

A settled way of thinking or feeling about something, typically reflected in a person's behavior.

Subjective Norms: The perceived social pressure to perform or not perform a particular behavior based on the expectations of others.

Perceived Behavioral Control: An individual's belief in their capability to perform a behavior, which can affect their intentions and actions.