Moral philosophy

Definition

Moral philosophy, often referred to as ethics, is the branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. It plays a crucial role in exploring human conduct, guiding individuals in making decisions based on values and principles. In literature, it informs character motivations and societal norms, reflecting broader cultural contexts and moral dilemmas.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Moral philosophy underpins many major literary works, influencing character development and plot progression through ethical conflicts.
2. Fielding's novels often showcase moral philosophy by portraying characters who face moral dilemmas, ultimately reflecting the values of their time.
3. In Johnson's criticism, moral philosophy is vital for understanding literature's role in shaping societal morals and ethics.
4. The Johnsonian circle engaged with moral philosophy to discuss how literature could guide moral behavior and promote ethical discourse.
5. Both Fielding and Johnson contributed to the evolution of moral thought in literature, highlighting the interplay between personal ethics and societal expectations.

Review Questions

• How does moral philosophy manifest in Fielding's works and contribute to character development?
  • In Fielding's works, moral philosophy is essential as it shapes character motivations and ethical dilemmas faced by protagonists. Characters often grapple with issues of right and wrong, reflecting the moral standards of their society. This engagement with moral questions not only drives the plot but also invites readers to reflect on their own values and ethical choices.
• Discuss how Johnson's critical reception relates to his views on moral philosophy in literature.
  • Johnson's critical reception underscores his belief that literature serves a significant moral purpose. He argued that writers have a responsibility to influence readers positively by exploring ethical themes. His critiques often focused on how effectively a work conveyed moral lessons, revealing his conviction that literature should engage with moral philosophy to guide human behavior and societal norms.
• Evaluate the impact of the Johnsonian circle on the development of moral philosophy within literary culture during their time.
  • The Johnsonian circle had a profound impact on the development of moral philosophy within literary culture by fostering discussions that bridged literature with ethical considerations. Their dialogues examined how literary works could reflect and shape societal morals, promoting a view that literature is not merely entertainment but a vital tool for ethical reflection. This intellectual environment encouraged writers like Fielding to incorporate complex moral themes into their narratives, ultimately enriching the cultural discourse around ethics during that era.

Related terms

Utilitarianism: A moral theory that suggests actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.

Deontology: An ethical theory that emphasizes duty and adherence to rules, asserting that certain actions are inherently right or wrong regardless of their consequences.

Virtue Ethics: A philosophical approach that focuses on the character of the moral agent rather than on rules or consequences, emphasizing virtues such as courage and honesty.