Parole

Definition

Parole is the conditional release of a prisoner before the completion of their sentence, allowing them to serve the remainder of their time in the community under specific terms and supervision. This practice is designed to reintegrate offenders into society while ensuring public safety, often involving monitoring by parole officers and compliance with certain conditions, such as regular check-ins and avoiding criminal behavior.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Parole is typically granted based on factors like good behavior in prison, participation in rehabilitation programs, and the nature of the original crime.
2. The conditions of parole may include restrictions on travel, mandatory employment, and participation in counseling or treatment programs.
3. If a parolee violates any terms of their release, they can be returned to prison to serve out the remainder of their original sentence.
4. Parole boards, made up of appointed officials, are responsible for evaluating cases and determining whether inmates are eligible for parole.
5. The use of parole is intended to reduce prison overcrowding while encouraging rehabilitation and reintegration into society.

Review Questions

• How does parole differ from probation in the criminal justice system?
  • Parole differs from probation mainly in its timing and context. Parole is granted after an inmate has served part of their prison sentence, allowing them to complete their time in the community under supervision. In contrast, probation is often given instead of incarceration for less serious offenses, allowing offenders to avoid prison altogether while still being monitored. Both serve as alternatives to incarceration but operate at different stages of the criminal justice process.
• Discuss the role of parole boards in determining eligibility for parole and the factors they consider.
  • Parole boards play a crucial role in deciding whether inmates can be released early from prison. They evaluate each inmate's case based on various factors, including behavior while incarcerated, participation in rehabilitation programs, and the severity of the original crime. Additionally, they may consider input from victims or community members. This process aims to ensure that only those who demonstrate readiness for reintegration into society are granted parole.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of parole as a tool for reducing recidivism and promoting rehabilitation among former inmates.
  • The effectiveness of parole in reducing recidivism largely depends on various factors, including the support systems available to former inmates and the conditions imposed during their release. Studies have shown that when parolees receive adequate support—such as job training, mental health services, and stable housing—they are less likely to reoffend. However, strict parole conditions without proper resources can lead to violations and return to prison. Thus, successful rehabilitation through parole requires a balanced approach that incorporates community support and effective supervision.

Related terms

Probation: A court-ordered period of supervision in the community instead of serving time in prison, often given as an alternative sentence for minor offenses.

Recidivism: The tendency of previously incarcerated individuals to reoffend and return to prison after being released.

Commutation: The reduction of a prison sentence, usually granted by a governor or president, which does not erase the conviction but decreases the punishment.