Khalsa

Definition

Khalsa is a term in Sikhism that refers to the community of initiated Sikhs who have undergone a sacred baptism called Amrit. This initiation symbolizes a commitment to the Sikh faith and its principles, emphasizing equality, justice, and selfless service. The Khalsa was established by Guru Gobind Singh in 1699, marking a significant transformation in Sikh identity and community.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Khalsa was formally established on Vaisakhi, April 13, 1699, when Guru Gobind Singh called upon his followers to join him in a collective act of faith and bravery.
2. Members of the Khalsa are expected to adhere to a code of conduct that includes values such as honesty, humility, and service to others.
3. Initiated members of the Khalsa take on the last name 'Singh' for males and 'Kaur' for females, symbolizing equality and the rejection of caste distinctions.
4. The Khalsa plays a crucial role in Sikh history, serving as a defense against oppression and injustice during times of persecution.
5. Khalsa Sikhs participate actively in community service, often engaging in langar (community kitchen) and other charitable activities to uphold their commitment to social justice.

Review Questions

• How did the establishment of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh transform Sikh identity?
  • The establishment of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh marked a pivotal moment in Sikh identity by formalizing a distinct community bound by shared values and practices. It created a sense of unity among Sikhs, promoting ideals such as equality, selflessness, and resilience against oppression. This transformation encouraged Sikhs to embrace both their spiritual and temporal responsibilities, leading to greater political awareness and activism within the community.
• In what ways do the Five Ks serve as symbols of identity for members of the Khalsa?
  • The Five Ks are integral symbols of identity for Khalsa Sikhs, each representing specific values and commitments within the faith. These articles—Kesh (uncut hair), Kara (steel bracelet), Kanga (wooden comb), Kachera (cotton undergarments), and Kirpan (ceremonial sword)—serve not only as physical reminders of their faith but also emphasize principles such as discipline, readiness to protect the oppressed, and connection to God. Wearing these items daily reinforces their identity as members of the Khalsa community.
• Evaluate the impact of the Khalsa on Sikhism’s role in social justice movements within South Asia.
  • The Khalsa has significantly influenced Sikhism’s engagement with social justice movements in South Asia by promoting active resistance against oppression and injustice. Rooted in its founding principles, members have historically stood up against tyranny and discrimination, participating in various social reform efforts. This legacy continues today as Sikhs embody values of equality and service through initiatives aimed at improving society, advocating for human rights, and providing support during crises, thereby cementing their role as champions of justice.

Related terms

Amrit: A sacred nectar used in the initiation ceremony of the Khalsa, symbolizing spiritual awakening and commitment to the Sikh faith.

Guru Gobind Singh:

The tenth Sikh Guru who founded the Khalsa and established its key principles and practices, emphasizing valor and spirituality.

Five Ks: The five articles of faith that Khalsa Sikhs are required to wear at all times, representing their commitment to their beliefs and values.