Frame

Definition

A frame is a structural system that supports loads through a combination of beams and columns, working together to create a stable, rigid structure. Frames are essential in construction, as they provide the necessary support for buildings and other structures, distributing loads effectively while allowing for larger open spaces. They can be made from various materials, including steel, wood, and concrete, each with unique properties affecting their performance and application.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Frames are designed to resist lateral forces such as wind or earthquakes, providing stability to the structure.
2. There are different types of frames, including moment-resisting frames, braced frames, and portal frames, each with specific characteristics.
3. The choice of materials for a frame can significantly influence its weight, cost, and load-bearing capacity.
4. Frames allow for greater flexibility in architectural design since they can create large open spaces without many interior walls.
5. In seismic design, frames must be engineered to ensure they can withstand dynamic forces and prevent structural failure during an earthquake.

Review Questions

• How do frames contribute to the overall stability of a building during lateral loads?
  • Frames play a crucial role in maintaining the stability of a building by distributing lateral loads caused by wind or seismic activity. The combination of beams and columns allows the frame to resist bending and shear forces, ensuring that the structure remains rigid and intact. By effectively transferring these forces through the frame system, buildings can better withstand unpredictable external pressures without compromising safety.
• Compare different types of frames used in construction and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
  • Different types of frames include moment-resisting frames, braced frames, and portal frames. Moment-resisting frames are great for resisting both vertical and lateral loads but can be more complex to design. Braced frames are simpler and provide excellent lateral support but may limit architectural flexibility. Portal frames are efficient for industrial buildings but may require additional bracing for taller structures. Each type has its unique benefits and challenges depending on the intended use of the building.
• Evaluate the impact of material selection on the performance of a frame in construction.
  • Material selection significantly impacts a frame's performance regarding load-bearing capacity, weight, durability, and cost. For instance, steel frames provide high strength-to-weight ratios and resistance to corrosion but can be expensive. Wooden frames are lighter and often more cost-effective but may not support as much load or endure environmental conditions as well as steel or concrete. Proper material choice ensures that the frame meets safety standards while balancing budget constraints and design preferences.

Related terms

Beam:

A horizontal structural element that supports loads and spans spaces between supports, transferring forces to columns.

Column:

A vertical structural element that supports loads from beams or slabs and transfers them down to the foundation.

Truss:

A framework of triangular units used to support loads over long spans, often employed in roofs and bridges.