Probable cause is a legal standard that requires sufficient reason based on known facts to believe a person has committed a crime, thus warranting an arrest or search. It acts as a safeguard against unreasonable searches and seizures under the Fourth Amendment in the context of criminal law.
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Search Warrant: A legal document authorized by a judge or magistrate allowing law enforcement to conduct a search of a person, location, or vehicle for evidence of a crime.
Arrest Warrant: An official document issued by a judge or magistrate that authorizes the arrest and detention of an individual suspected of committing a crime.
Part of the Bill of Rights that protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government, requiring any warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause