Quantum mechanics

Definition

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the behavior of particles at atomic and subatomic scales. It explains phenomena that cannot be accounted for by classical physics.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Quantum mechanics introduces the concept of wave-particle duality, where particles like electrons exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties.
2. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously know both the exact position and exact momentum of a particle.
3. The Schrödinger equation is a key mathematical equation in quantum mechanics that describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes over time.
4. Quantum superposition allows particles to exist in multiple states or positions simultaneously until they are measured or observed.
5. Entanglement is a phenomenon where particles become interconnected such that the state of one particle instantly influences the state of another, regardless of distance.

Review Questions

• What does Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle state about the measurement of a particle's position and momentum?
• Explain the concept of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics.
• What role does the Schrödinger equation play in quantum mechanics?

Related terms

Wave-Particle Duality:

A fundamental concept in quantum mechanics stating that every particle or quantum entity exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties.

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle:

A principle in quantum mechanics asserting that it is impossible to simultaneously determine with perfect accuracy both the position and momentum of a particle.

Schrödinger Equation:

A differential equation that describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes over time; central to non-relativistic quantum mechanics.