Inductor

Definition

An inductor is a passive electrical component that stores energy in its magnetic field when electric current flows through it. It typically consists of a coil of wire and opposes changes in current.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Inductance is measured in henries (H).
2. The voltage across an inductor is proportional to the rate of change of current through it, given by $V = L \frac{dI}{dt}$.
3. Inductors oppose changes in current due to their property called inductance.
4. In AC circuits, inductors cause a phase shift where the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees.
5. Inductors can be used in various applications like filters, transformers, and energy storage devices.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of an inductor in an electrical circuit?
• How does an inductor behave differently in AC circuits compared to DC circuits?
• What equation relates the voltage across an inductor to the rate of change of current?

Related terms

Capacitor:

A passive electrical component that stores energy in its electric field and opposes changes in voltage.

Impedance:

The total opposition that a circuit presents to alternating current, comprising both resistance and reactance.

Faraday's Law:

$$\text{A law stating that a change in magnetic flux through a loop induces an electromotive force (EMF) proportional to the rate of change.}$$