key term - Gluons

Definition

Gluons are elementary particles that act as exchange particles for the strong force between quarks, binding them together to form protons, neutrons, and other hadrons. They are massless and carry a color charge, interacting with themselves through the strong nuclear force.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gluons mediate the strong nuclear force, one of the four fundamental forces in physics.
2. They are massless and have a spin of 1, making them gauge bosons.
3. Gluons carry a color charge which allows them to interact with quarks and other gluons.
4. There are eight types of gluons due to their color charge combinations in quantum chromodynamics (QCD).
5. Gluon interactions lead to the phenomenon called confinement, which prevents quarks from being isolated.

Review Questions

Related terms

Quark:

Fundamental particles that combine to form hadrons such as protons and neutrons; they come in six flavors: up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom.

Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD): The theory describing the strong interaction between quarks and gluons using color charge.

Strong Nuclear Force:

The force mediated by gluons that binds quarks together within hadrons and holds atomic nuclei together.