Electrons

Definition

Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative electric charge, symbolized as $e^{-}$. Found in all atoms, they play a crucial role in electricity and chemical bonding.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Electrons have a fundamental charge of $-1.6 \times 10^{-19}$ coulombs.
2. The mass of an electron is approximately $9.11 \times 10^{-31}$ kilograms.
3. Electrons can be transferred from one object to another, leading to static electricity.
4. In an atom, electrons occupy regions called orbitals around the nucleus.
5. The principle of conservation of charge states that the total electric charge in an isolated system remains constant.

Review Questions

• What is the charge and mass of an electron?
• How do electrons contribute to static electricity?
• Explain the principle of conservation of charge with respect to electrons.

Related terms

Proton:

A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to that of an electron.

Neutron:

A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom with no electric charge and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton.

Coulomb:

The SI unit of electric charge, defined as the amount of charge transferred by one ampere in one second.