Electric generators

Definition

Electric generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the process of electromagnetic induction. They are essential for providing power in various applications, from small household appliances to large power grids.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Electric generators operate based on Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction, which states that a changing magnetic field within a closed loop induces an electromotive force (EMF).
2. The main components of an electric generator include the rotor (rotating part), stator (stationary part), and the armature (where voltage is induced).
3. There are two primary types of electric generators: AC (alternating current) generators and DC (direct current) generators.
4. In AC generators, the current reverses direction periodically, while in DC generators, the current flows in one direction.
5. The efficiency of an electric generator is influenced by factors such as friction, electrical resistance, and magnetic losses.

Review Questions

• What law explains how electric generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?
• Name the main components of an electric generator and briefly describe their roles.
• What is the difference between AC and DC generators?

Related terms

Electromagnetic Induction:

The process by which a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor.

Faraday's Law:

A fundamental law stating that the induced EMF in any closed circuit is equal to the negative rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.

Rotor:

The rotating component of an electric generator that produces a changing magnetic field to induce voltage.