Binding energy per nucleon

Definition

Binding energy per nucleon is the average energy that holds a nucleon (proton or neutron) in the nucleus. It is obtained by dividing the total binding energy of the nucleus by the number of nucleons.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The binding energy per nucleon is a measure of the stability of a nucleus.
2. Nuclei with higher binding energy per nucleon are more stable.
3. Iron-56 has one of the highest binding energies per nucleon, making it very stable.
4. A sharp increase in binding energy per nucleon occurs for nuclei up to iron, after which it gradually decreases for heavier elements.
5. The equation used to calculate total binding energy involves Einstein's mass-energy equivalence principle: $E = \Delta m c^2$.

Review Questions

• What does a high binding energy per nucleon indicate about a nucleus?
• How is the binding energy per nucleon calculated?
• Why is iron-56 considered one of the most stable nuclei?

Related terms

Nucleon:

A proton or neutron, especially when part of an atomic nucleus.

Mass Defect:

The difference between the mass of an atom and the sum of its individual nucleons' masses.

Nuclear Fission:

A nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the release of energy.