Linear

Definition

In chemistry, linear describes a molecular shape where all atoms are arranged in a straight line with bond angles of 180 degrees. This geometry is often found in diatomic molecules and some triatomic molecules.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Linear molecular geometry occurs when a central atom forms two bonds and has no lone pairs, resulting in a bond angle of 180 degrees.
2. Examples of linear molecules include CO2 (carbon dioxide) and BeCl2 (beryllium chloride).
3. Molecules with linear geometry are nonpolar if they consist of identical atoms or symmetrical arrangements of different atoms.
4. The VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory helps predict the linear shape by minimizing electron pair repulsion around the central atom.
5. Linear structures can be found in both organic and inorganic compounds, influencing their reactivity and physical properties.

Review Questions

• What is the bond angle characteristic of a linear molecule?
• Name two examples of molecules that exhibit linear geometry.
• How does VSEPR theory explain the formation of linear molecular shapes?

Related terms

VSEPR Theory: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory predicts the shape of molecules based on electron pair repulsion around a central atom.

Bond Angle:

The angle formed between three atoms across at least two bonds.

Nonpolar Molecule: A molecule with no net dipole moment due to its symmetrical arrangement.