Ionic compound

Definition

An ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding. These compounds typically form between metals and nonmetals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ionic compounds are generally formed from the reaction between a metal and a nonmetal.
2. They have high melting and boiling points due to strong ionic bonds.
3. Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted because the ions are free to move.
4. They are usually solid at room temperature and form crystalline structures.
5. The formula unit for an ionic compound represents the simplest ratio of the ions involved.

Review Questions

• What type of elements typically combine to form ionic compounds?
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
• How does the structure of an ionic compound change when it is dissolved in water?

Related terms

Cation:

A positively charged ion that is formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Anion: A negatively charged ion that is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Lattice Energy:

The energy required to separate one mole of an ionic solid into its constituent ions in the gaseous state.