Hypothesis

Definition

A hypothesis is a testable statement that predicts the relationship between variables. It serves as a foundational step in the scientific method, guiding experimental design and data analysis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hypotheses must be testable and falsifiable to be scientifically valid.
2. In chemistry, hypotheses often predict how changes in one variable will affect another, such as temperature changes affecting reaction rates.
3. Developing a good hypothesis involves extensive background research and understanding of the existing literature.
4. A hypothesis is typically framed as an 'if-then' statement to clearly define expected outcomes.
5. The results of experiments either support or refute the hypothesis but do not prove it definitively.

Review Questions

• What are the key characteristics that make a hypothesis scientifically valid?
• How does a hypothesis guide the design of an experiment in chemistry?
• Why can a hypothesis never be proven definitively, only supported or refuted?

Related terms

Scientific Method:

A systematic process used for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting previous knowledge through observation and experimentation.

Variable: Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types within an experiment. Variables can be independent, dependent, or controlled.

Experiment: A procedure carried out under controlled conditions to test a hypothesis by collecting data and observing outcomes.