Photosynthesis

Definition

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. It is essential for life on Earth as it produces oxygen and organic compounds used by most living organisms for energy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
2. The overall equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2.
3. Photosynthesis has two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).
4. It plays a critical role in regulating Earth's atmosphere by producing oxygen and sequestering carbon dioxide.
5. Understanding photosynthesis helps scientists in astrobiology to identify potential biosignatures on other planets.

Review Questions

• What are the two main stages of photosynthesis, and where do they occur?
• How does photosynthesis contribute to the regulation of Earth's atmosphere?
• Why is photosynthesis important when considering potential life on other planets?

Related terms

Chlorophyll: A pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

Calvin Cycle: The set of light-independent reactions in photosynthesis that produce glucose.

Biosignature: Indicators such as specific molecules or phenomena that provide scientific evidence of past or present life.