Fission

Definition

Fission is a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei, along with the release of energy. This process is fundamental to nuclear power and certain types of weaponry but is not the primary process fueling the Sun.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fission releases a significant amount of energy due to the conversion of mass into energy, as described by Einstein's equation E=mc^2.
2. In fission, heavy elements like uranium-235 and plutonium-239 are typically used as fuel.
3. The Sun primarily uses fusion, not fission, to generate its immense energy.
4. Fission can be initiated by bombarding a heavy nucleus with neutrons.
5. The products of fission include smaller nuclei (fission fragments), free neutrons, and gamma photons.

Review Questions

• What type of atomic reaction involves splitting a nucleus into smaller parts?
• Which equation explains the conversion of mass into energy in fission reactions?
• What element is commonly used as fuel in nuclear fission reactors?

Related terms

Fusion:

A nuclear reaction where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.

Neutron:

A subatomic particle with no electric charge found in the nucleus of an atom; plays a crucial role in both fission and fusion reactions.

Gamma Radiation: High-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted from nuclear reactions such as fission and fusion.