Earth’s surface

Definition

Earth's surface is the outermost layer of the planet, consisting of the crust and upper mantle. It includes landforms such as mountains, valleys, and plains, as well as bodies of water like oceans, seas, and lakes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Earth's surface is divided into tectonic plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere below.
2. Approximately 71% of Earth's surface is covered by water.
3. The Earth's surface experiences processes such as erosion, weathering, and plate tectonics which continually reshape it.
4. The highest point on Earth's surface is Mount Everest at approximately 8,848 meters above sea level.
5. The lowest point on Earth's surface is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean at about 11 kilometers below sea level.

Review Questions

• What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?
• Name two geological processes that continually reshape Earth's surface.
• What are the highest and lowest points on Earth's surface?

Related terms

Tectonic Plates: Large slabs of Earth's lithosphere that move over the asthenosphere.

Erosion: The process by which natural forces wear away rocks and soil from Earth's surface.

Lithosphere:

The rigid outer layer of Earth, including the crust and upper mantle.