Vishnu

Definition

Vishnu is one of the principal deities of Hinduism, known as the preserver and protector of the universe. He is part of the holy trinity (Trimurti) in Hindu belief, alongside Brahma the creator and Shiva the destroyer. Vishnu's role is to maintain cosmic order (dharma) and his various incarnations reflect his commitment to restoring balance during times of chaos.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vishnu has ten principal avatars known as the Dashavatara, which include famous incarnations like Rama and Krishna.
2. He is often depicted with blue skin, symbolizing infinity and the vastness of the universe.
3. Vishnu is associated with the concept of dharma and often intervenes during times of moral decline to restore balance.
4. Worship of Vishnu is central to several traditions within Hinduism, including Vaishnavism, which emphasizes his role and teachings.
5. Temples dedicated to Vishnu are widespread across India and many hold elaborate festivals celebrating his avatars.

Review Questions

• How does Vishnu's role as a preserver contribute to the overall balance within the Trimurti?
  • Vishnu's role as the preserver complements the functions of Brahma, the creator, and Shiva, the destroyer, by ensuring that the universe remains in harmony. While Brahma initiates creation and Shiva facilitates transformation through destruction, Vishnu steps in during times of crisis to restore order and balance. This interconnectedness demonstrates how each deity plays a critical role in maintaining the cyclical nature of existence in Hindu belief.
• Analyze how Vishnu’s avatars reflect his purpose in Hindu mythology and their significance in cultural practices.
  • Vishnu's avatars serve as direct interventions in human affairs to address moral decline and restore dharma. Each avatar represents different aspects of his divine mission; for instance, Rama exemplifies virtue and duty, while Krishna embodies love and divine playfulness. These stories are not only integral to Hindu mythology but also shape cultural practices such as festivals, rituals, and art forms that celebrate these incarnations, making them vital to Hindu identity.
• Evaluate the impact of Vishnu's worship on social structures and religious practices within Hindu communities.
  • Worship of Vishnu has significant implications for social structures and religious practices in Hindu communities. His emphasis on dharma influences ethical behavior and societal norms among followers. Additionally, rituals centered around Vishnu often foster community cohesion through shared religious experiences such as festivals like Diwali or Janmashtami. These practices not only reinforce cultural identity but also enable a sense of belonging among devotees, contributing to the broader social fabric within Hindu society.

Related terms

Avatar: An avatar is a divine incarnation of Vishnu, manifesting in various forms to restore cosmic order, such as Rama and Krishna.

Trimurti:

The Trimurti is the threefold manifestation of the supreme reality in Hinduism, consisting of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.

Bhagavad Gita: The Bhagavad Gita is a 700-verse Hindu scripture that is part of the Indian epic Mahabharata, where Vishnu, as Krishna, imparts spiritual wisdom and guidance.