Howard Carter

Definition

Howard Carter was a British archaeologist best known for discovering the tomb of the young pharaoh Tutankhamun in 1922. His meticulous excavation techniques and dedication to archaeology not only led to one of the most significant discoveries in history but also sparked global interest in ancient Egypt and its treasures. Carter's work brought to light incredible artifacts that have since been fundamental in understanding Egyptian culture and history.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Howard Carter began his career as an artist before turning to archaeology, which helped him develop the skills necessary for documenting and preserving artifacts during excavations.
2. The discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb was monumental not only for the artifacts found but also for its significance in understanding the funerary practices and beliefs of ancient Egyptians.
3. Carter's excavation was funded by Lord Carnarvon, whose financial support allowed for extensive digging and exploration in the Valley of the Kings.
4. Upon entering Tutankhamun's tomb, Carter famously described the experience as discovering a 'wonderful thing' filled with treasures that showcased the wealth and artistry of ancient Egypt.
5. Carter's meticulous documentation and preservation methods set new standards in archaeology, emphasizing the importance of careful record-keeping and respect for archaeological sites.

Review Questions

• How did Howard Carter's background influence his approach to archaeology and the excavation of Tutankhamun's tomb?
  • Howard Carter's background as an artist provided him with a keen eye for detail and an appreciation for aesthetics, which influenced his meticulous approach to documenting artifacts. His artistic skills allowed him to create accurate illustrations and records during the excavation, ensuring that each item was carefully cataloged. This attention to detail not only preserved the integrity of the findings but also enhanced understanding of the cultural significance behind each artifact uncovered in Tutankhamun's tomb.
• What were some key challenges Howard Carter faced during his excavation of Tutankhamun's tomb, and how did he overcome them?
  • Howard Carter encountered numerous challenges during his excavation, including skepticism from fellow archaeologists who doubted that an intact tomb could still exist. Additionally, funding was a constant concern, particularly after delays due to World War I. To overcome these obstacles, Carter relied on his determination and resourcefulness. He secured financial backing from Lord Carnarvon and persevered through initial setbacks, ultimately leading to the successful discovery of the tomb in 1922 despite widespread doubt about its existence.
• Evaluate the impact of Howard Carter's discovery on both archaeology and public perception of ancient Egypt.
  • Howard Carter's discovery had a profound impact on both archaeology and public perception of ancient Egypt. The unearthing of Tutankhamun's tomb captivated global audiences and reignited interest in Egyptology, leading to an influx of tourism and further archaeological research in the region. Furthermore, Carter's methods set new standards for archaeological practice, emphasizing thorough documentation and conservation. This discovery not only contributed significantly to scholarly understanding of ancient Egyptian culture but also transformed it into a popular subject that fascinated people worldwide.

Related terms

Tutankhamun: A young pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of ancient Egypt, whose nearly intact tomb was discovered by Howard Carter, revealing a wealth of artifacts that provided insights into Egyptian burial practices and beliefs.

Egyptology: The study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, and culture, which gained immense popularity following Carter's discovery and continues to be an important field of academic research.

Valley of the Kings:

A burial ground located on the west bank of the Nile near Luxor, Egypt, where many pharaohs were interred, including Tutankhamun, and where Howard Carter conducted his famous excavation.