Complex sentence

Definition

A complex sentence is a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause, which adds additional information. This structure allows for more detailed and nuanced expression in writing, as the dependent clause can provide context, reasons, or conditions related to the main idea presented in the independent clause.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Complex sentences often use subordinating conjunctions like 'because,' 'although,' and 'if' to introduce the dependent clause.
2. Using complex sentences can enhance writing style by adding variety and depth to sentence structure.
3. In a complex sentence, the dependent clause can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of the sentence, affecting the overall flow and emphasis.
4. Complex sentences can be used to show relationships between ideas, such as cause and effect or contrast.
5. Overusing complex sentences without balance can lead to unclear writing; it's essential to mix different sentence structures for clarity.

Review Questions

• How does a complex sentence differ from a compound sentence in terms of structure and function?
  • A complex sentence consists of one independent clause and at least one dependent clause, which adds supplementary information. In contrast, a compound sentence features two or more independent clauses connected by coordinating conjunctions. This difference means that complex sentences can convey more intricate relationships between ideas, while compound sentences focus on linking equal ideas together.
• What are some common subordinating conjunctions used in complex sentences, and how do they affect the meaning?
  • Common subordinating conjunctions include 'because,' 'although,' 'since,' and 'if.' These conjunctions introduce the dependent clause and establish relationships between the ideas expressed. For example, using 'because' provides reasoning for the main clause, while 'although' sets up a contrast. The choice of subordinating conjunction directly influences how the reader interprets the connection between the clauses.
• Evaluate how the use of complex sentences can improve clarity and engagement in writing when compared to simple sentences.
  • Complex sentences enhance writing clarity and engagement by allowing authors to express detailed relationships between ideas without relying solely on short, simple sentences. By incorporating dependent clauses, writers can convey context and nuances that enrich the reader's understanding. However, it's important to balance this with simpler structures to avoid overwhelming readers; effective writing often combines various types of sentences to maintain interest and ensure comprehension.

Related terms

independent clause: A group of words that can stand alone as a complete sentence because it expresses a complete thought.

dependent clause:

A group of words that cannot stand alone as a sentence because it does not express a complete thought; it relies on an independent clause for meaning.

compound sentence:

A sentence that contains at least two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or a semicolon.